IPC Publication
A
HUMAN NECESSITIES
HEALTH; LIFE-SAVING; AMUSEMENT
A61
MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
A61B
DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION (analysing biological material G01N, e.g. G01N 33/48)

Note(s)

  • This subclass covers instruments, implements, and processes for diagnostic, surgical and person-identification purposes, including obstetrics, instruments for cutting corns, vaccination instruments, finger-printing, psycho-physical tests.
Diagnosis; Psycho-physical tests
A61B 1/00
Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes (examination of body cavities or body tracts using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B 8/12; endoscopic instruments for taking cell samples or for biopsy A61B 10/04; for surgical purposes A61B 17/00; surgical instruments using a laser beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit A61B 18/22); Illuminating arrangements therefor (for the eyes A61B 3/00) [2006.01]
A61B 1/002
•
having rod-lens arrangements (A61B 1/055 takes precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 1/005
•
Flexible endoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/008
•
•
Articulations [2006.01]
A61B 1/01
•
•
Guiding arrangements therefor [2006.01]
A61B 1/012
•
characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor [2006.01]
A61B 1/015
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•
Control of fluid supply or evacuation [2006.01]
A61B 1/018
•
•
for receiving instruments [2006.01]
A61B 1/04
•
combined with photographic or television appliances [2006.01]
A61B 1/045
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•
Control thereof [2006.01]
A61B 1/05
•
•
characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion [2006.01]
A61B 1/055
•
•
having rod-lens arrangements [2006.01]
A61B 1/06
•
with illuminating arrangements [2006.01]
A61B 1/07
•
•
using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres [2006.01]
A61B 1/12
•
with cooling or rinsing arrangements (A61B 1/015 takes precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 1/227
•
for ears, i.e. otoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/233
•
for the nose, i.e. nasoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/24
•
for the mouth, i.e. stomatoscopes, e.g. with tongue depressors (tongue depressors per se A61B 13/00); Instruments for opening or keeping open the mouth (combined with saliva removers A61C 17/10) [2006.01]
A61B 1/247
•
•
with means for viewing areas outside the direct line of sight, e.g. dentists' mirrors [2006.01]
A61B 1/253
•
•
•
with means for preventing fogging [2006.01]
A61B 1/267
•
for the respiratory tract, e.g. laryngoscopes, bronchoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/273
•
for the upper alimentary canal, e.g. oesophagoscopes, gastroscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/303
•
for the vagina, i.e. vaginoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/307
•
for the urinary organs, e.g. urethroscopes, cystoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/31
•
for the rectum, e.g. proctoscopes, sigmoidoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/313
•
for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/317
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•
for bones or joints, e.g. osteoscopes, arthroscopes [2006.01]
A61B 1/32
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Devices for opening or enlarging the visual field, e.g. of a tube of the body (dilators A61M 29/00) [2006.01]
A61B 3/00
Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes (eye inspection using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B 8/10) [2006.01]
A61B 3/02
•
Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient [2006.01]
A61B 3/024
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•
for determining the visual field, e.g. perimeter types [2006.01]
A61B 3/028
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•
for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters [2006.01]
A61B 3/032
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•
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Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors (A61B 3/036 takes precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 3/036
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•
•
for testing astigmatism [2006.01]
A61B 3/04
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•
•
Trial frames; Sets of lenses for use therewith [2006.01]
A61B 3/06
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•
for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision [2006.01]
A61B 3/08
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•
for testing binocular or stereoscopic vision, e.g. strabismus [2006.01]
A61B 3/09
•
•
for testing accommodation [2006.01]
A61B 3/10
•
Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients perceptions or reactions [2006.01]
A61B 3/103
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•
for determining refraction, e.g. refractometers, skiascopes [2006.01]
A61B 3/107
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•
for determining the shape or measuring the curvature of the cornea [2006.01]
A61B 3/11
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•
for measuring interpupillary distance or diameter of pupils [2006.01]
A61B 3/113
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for determining or recording eye movement [2006.01]
A61B 3/117
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•
for examining the anterior chamber or the anterior chamber angle, e.g. gonioscopes [2006.01]
A61B 3/12
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for looking at the eye fundus, e.g. ophthalmoscopes (A61B 3/13 takes precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 3/125
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•
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with contact lenses [2006.01]
A61B 3/13
•
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Ophthalmic microscopes [2006.01]
A61B 3/135
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•
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Slit-lamp microscopes [2006.01]
A61B 3/14
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Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography [2006.01]
A61B 3/15
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•
•
with means for aligning, spacing or blocking spurious reflection [2006.01]
A61B 3/16
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•
for measuring intraocular pressure, e.g. tonometers [2006.01]
A61B 3/18
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Arrangement of plural eye-testing or -examining apparatus [2006.01]
A61B 5/00
Measuring for diagnostic purposes (radiation diagnosis A61B 6/00; diagnosis by ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves A61B 8/00); Identification of persons [2006.01]

Note(s) [7]

  • In this group, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "measuring" covers also detecting or recording.
A61B 5/01
•
Measuring temperature of body parts (clinical thermometers G01K 5/22; thermometers for special purposes G01K 13/00) [2006.01]
A61B 5/02
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Measuring pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure [2006.01]
A61B 5/0205
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•
Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition [2006.01]
A61B 5/021
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Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels (A61B 5/0205 takes precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 5/0215
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by means inserted into the body [2006.01]
A61B 5/022
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by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthaldynamometers [2006.01]
A61B 5/0225
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the pressure being controlled by electric signals, e.g. derived from Korotkoff sounds [2006.01]
A61B 5/023
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•
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the pressure transducers comprising a liquid column [2006.01]
A61B 5/0235
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Valves specially adapted therefor [2006.01]
A61B 5/024
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Measuring pulse rate or heart rate (A61B 5/0205, A61B 5/021 take precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 5/0245
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•
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using sensing means generating electric signals [2006.01]
A61B 5/025
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within occluders, e.g. responsive to Korotkoff sounds [2006.01]
A61B 5/0255
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Recording instruments specially adapted therefor [2006.01]
A61B 5/026
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Measuring blood flow [2006.01]
A61B 5/0265
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•
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using electromagnetic means, e.g. electromagnetic flow meter [2006.01]
A61B 5/027
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using catheters [2006.01]
A61B 5/0275
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using tracers, e.g. dye dilution [2006.01]
A61B 5/028
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by thermo-dilution [2006.01]
A61B 5/0285
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Measuring phase velocity of blood waves [2006.01]
A61B 5/029
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Measuring blood output from the heart, e.g. minute volume [2006.01]
A61B 5/0295
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using plethysmography, i.e. measuring the variations in the volume of a body part as modified by the circulation of blood therethrough, e.g. impedance plethysmography [2006.01]
A61B 5/03
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Measuring fluid pressure within the body other than blood pressure, e.g. cerebral pressure [2006.01]
A61B 5/04
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Measuring bioelectric signals of the body or parts thereof [2006.01]
A61B 5/0402
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Electrocardiography, i.e. ECG [2006.01]
A61B 5/0404
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Hand-held devices [2006.01]
A61B 5/0408
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Electrodes specially adapted therefor (for foetal cardiography A61B 5/0448; for electroencephalograph signals A61B 5/0478; for electromyography A61B 5/0492) [2006.01]
A61B 5/0416
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connected by means of snap fasteners [2006.01]
A61B 5/042
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for introducing into the body [2006.01]
A61B 5/0424
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Protection against electrode failure [2006.01]
A61B 5/0428
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Input circuits specially adapted therefor [2006.01]
A61B 5/0432
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•
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Recording apparatus specially adapted therefor [2006.01]
A61B 5/0436
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•
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Magnetic recording apparatus [2006.01]
A61B 5/044
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•
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Displays specially adapted therefor [2006.01]
A61B 5/0444
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Foetal cardiography [2006.01]
A61B 5/0448
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•
•
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Electrodes specially adapted therefor, e.g. scalp electrodes [2006.01]
A61B 5/0452
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•
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Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle [2006.01]
A61B 5/0456
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•
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Detecting R peaks, e.g. for synchronising diagnostic apparatus [2006.01]
A61B 5/046
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Detecting fibrillation [2006.01]
A61B 5/0464
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•
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Detecting tachycardy or brachycardy [2006.01]
A61B 5/0468
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Detecting abnormal ECG interval [2006.01]
A61B 5/0472
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Detecting abnormal QRS complex [2006.01]
A61B 5/0476
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Electroencephalography [2006.01]
A61B 5/0478
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Electrodes specially adapted therefor [2006.01]
A61B 5/048
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Detecting the frequency distribution of signals [2006.01]
A61B 5/0482
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using biofeedback [2006.01]
A61B 5/0484
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using evoked response [2006.01]
A61B 5/0488
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Electromyography [2006.01]
A61B 5/0492
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Electrodes specially adapted therefor, e.g. needle electrodes [2006.01]
A61B 5/0496
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Electro-oculography, e.g. detecting nystagmus [2006.01]
A61B 5/05
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Measuring for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields (A61B 5/02, A61B 5/04, A61B 5/11 take precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 5/053
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Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body [2006.01]
A61B 5/055
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•
involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging [2006.01]
A61B 5/06
•
Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies (for removing same A61B 17/50) [2006.01]
A61B 5/07
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Endoradiosondes [2006.01]
A61B 5/08
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Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs (A61B 5/0205 takes precedence) [2006.01]
A61B 5/083
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Measuring rate of metabolism by using breath test, e.g. measuring rate of oxygen consumption [2006.01]
A61B 5/085
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Measuring impedance of respiratory organs or lung elasticity [2006.01]
A61B 5/087
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Measuring breath flow [2006.01]
A61B 5/09
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using an element rotated by the flow [2006.01]
A61B 5/091
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Measuring volume of inspired or expired gases, e.g. to determine lung capacity [2006.01]
A61B 5/093
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the gases being exhaled into, or inhaled from, an expansible chamber, e.g. bellows or expansible bag [2006.01]
A61B 5/095
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within a rigid container, e.g. the boundary being formed by a liquid surface [2006.01]
A61B 5/097
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Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices [2006.01]
A61B 5/103
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Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes (A61B 5/08 takes precedence; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C 19/04) [2006.01]
A61B 5/107
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•
Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof [2006.01]
A61B 5/11
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Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb (for measuring pulse A61B 5/02) [2006.01]
A61B 5/113
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occurring during breathing [2006.01]
A61B 5/117
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Identification of persons, e.g. finger-printing, foot-printing or impression techniques (dental impression cups or articulators A61C 9/00, A61C 11/00; recognising fingerprints G06K 9/00; identification of persons by analysing their voice or speech  G10L 17/00) [2006.01]
A61B 5/12
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Audiometering [2006.01]
A61B 5/145
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Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH-value (measuring of blood pressure or blood flow A61B 5/02; non-radiation detecting or locating of foreign bodies in blood A61B 5/06) [2006.01]
A61B 5/1455
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using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters [2006.01]
A61B 5/1459
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invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter [2006.01]
A61B 5/1464
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specially adapted for foetal tissue [2006.01]
A61B 5/1468
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using chemical or electrochemical methods, e.g. by polarographic means [2006.01]
A61B 5/1473
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invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter [2006.01]
A61B 5/1477
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non-invasive [2006.01]
A61B 5/1482
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specially adapted for foetal tissue [2006.01]
A61B 5/1486
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using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase [2006.01]
A61B 5/1491
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Heated applicators [2006.01]
A61B 5/1495
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Calibrating or testing in vivo probes [2006.01]
A61B 5/15
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Devices for taking samples of blood (hypodermic syringes A61M 5/178) [2006.01]
A61B 5/151
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•
specially adapted for taking samples of capillary blood, e.g. by lancets [2006.01]
A61B 5/153
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specially adapted for taking samples of venous or arterial blood, e.g. by syringes [2006.01]
A61B 5/154
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using pre-evacuated means [2006.01]
A61B 5/155
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specially adapted for continuous or multiple sampling, e.g. at predetermined intervals [2006.01]
A61B 5/157
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characterised by integrated means for measuring characteristics of blood [2006.01]
A61B 5/16
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Devices for psychotechnics (using teaching or educational appliances G09B 1/00-G09B 7/00); Testing reaction times [2006.01]
A61B 5/18
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for vehicle drivers [2006.01]
A61B 5/20
•
Measuring urological functions [2006.01]
A61B 5/22
•
Ergometry; Measuring muscular strength or the force of a muscular blow [2006.01]
A61B 9/00
Instruments for examination by percussion; Pleximeters [2006.01]
A61B 13/00
Instruments for depressing the tongue (combined with illuminating and viewing instruments A61B 1/24; combined with saliva removers A61C 17/10) [2006.01]
A61B 16/00
Devices specially adapted for vivisection or autopsy (similar devices for medical purposes, see the relevant groups for such devices) [2006.01]
Surgery